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ASTM F1714 髖關(guān)節(jié)摩擦磨損試驗(yàn)機(jī) Hip wear simulator fatigue Testing Systems ISO 14242

Significance and Use

3.1 This guide uses a weight-loss method of wear determination for the polymeric components used with hip joint prostheses, using serum or demonstrated equivalent fluid for lubrication, and running under a dynamic load profile representative of the human hip-joint forces during walking (1,2).⁵ The basis for this weight-loss method for wear measurement was originally developed (3) for pin-on-disk wear studies (see Practice F732) and has been extended to total hip replacements(4,5) femoral-tibial knee prostheses (6), and to femoropatellar knee prostheses (6,7).

3.2 While wear results in a change in the physical dimensions of the specimen, it is distinct from dimensional changes due to creep or plastic deformation, in that wear generally results in the removal of material in the form of polymeric debris particles, causing a loss in weight of the specimen.

3.3 This guide for measuring wear of the polymeric component is suitable for various simulator devices. These techniques can be used with metal, ceramic, carbon, polymeric, and composite counter faces bearing against a polymeric material (for example, polyethylene, polyacetal, and so forth). This weight-loss method, therefore, has universal application for wear studies of total hip replacements that feature polymeric bearings. This weight-loss method has not been validated for high-density material bearing systems, such as metal-metal, carbon-carbon, or ceramic-ceramic. Progressive wear of such rigid bearing combinations generally has been monitored using a linear, variable-displacement transducers or by other profilometric techniques.

1. Scope

1.1 This guide describes a laboratory method using a weight-loss technique for evaluating the wear properties of materials or devices, or both, which are being considered for use as bearing surfaces of human-hip-joint replacement prostheses. The hip prostheses are evaluated in a device intended to simulate the tribological conditions encountered in the human hip joint, for example, use of a fluid such as bovine serum, or equivalent pseudosynovial fluid shown to simulate similar wear mechanisms and debris generation as found in vivo, and test frequencies of 1 Hz or less.

1.2 Since the hip simulator method permits the use of actual implant designs, materials, and physiological load/motion combinations, it can represent a more physiological simulation than basic wear-screening tests, such as pin-on-disk (see Practice F732) or ring-on-disk (see ISO 6474).

1.3 It is the intent of this guide to rank the combination of implant designs and materials with regard to material wear-rates, under simulated physiological conditions. It must be recognized, however, that there are many possible variations in the in vivo conditions, a single laboratory simulation with a fixed set of parameters may not be universally representative.

1.4 The reference materials for the comparative evaluation of candidate materials, new devices, or components, or a combination thereof, shall be the wear rate of extruded or compression-molded, ultra-high molecular weight (UHMW) polyethylene (see Specification F648) bearing against standard counter faces [stainless steel (see Specification F138); cobalt-chromium-molybdenum alloy (see Specification F75); thermomechanically processed cobalt chrome (see Specification F799); alumina ceramic (see Specification F603)], having typical prosthetic quality, surface finish, and geometry similar to those with established clinical history. These reference materials will be tested under the same wear conditions as the candidate materials.

1.5 The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as standard. No other units of measurement are included in this standard.

3.1本指南使用磨損測(cè)定一個(gè)減重方法用于髖關(guān)節(jié)假體的聚合物成分，使用血清或證實(shí)等效流體的潤(rùn)滑，運(yùn)行下的動(dòng)態(tài)負(fù)載配置文件代表人體髖關(guān)節(jié)的力量在行走過(guò)程中（1 2）.5磨損測(cè)量這種減重方法的基礎(chǔ)是最初的開(kāi)發(fā)（3）磁盤(pán)上的針磨損研究（見(jiàn)實(shí)踐F732），并一直延伸到全髖關(guān)節(jié)置換（4,5）股脛骨的膝關(guān)節(jié)假體（6），femoropatellar膝關(guān)節(jié)假體（6,7）。

3.2當(dāng)磨損導(dǎo)致試樣的物理尺寸的變化，這是明顯的尺寸變化由于蠕變或塑性變形，穿一般的查詢結(jié)果中去除材料的形式的聚合物碎片顆粒，造成損失的試件重量。

3.3本指南是適用于各種仿真器的設(shè)備，用于測(cè)量聚合物組分的磨損。這些技術(shù)可以使用金屬，陶瓷，碳，聚合物，復(fù)合計(jì)數(shù)器面靠緊的聚合材料（例如，聚乙烯，聚縮醛，等等）。這種減肥方法，因此，全髖關(guān)節(jié)置換，具有聚合物軸承磨損研究具有普遍的應(yīng)用。此減肥方法并沒(méi)有得到證實(shí)高密度材料的軸承系統(tǒng)，如金屬 - 金屬，碳 - 碳或陶瓷 - 陶瓷。一般已逐步磨損等剛性軸承組合使用線性可變位移傳感器或其它輪廓儀技術(shù)監(jiān)測(cè)。

1。范圍

1.1本指南介紹了使用一個(gè)減重技術(shù)評(píng)估磨損性能的材料或設(shè)備，或兩者兼而有之，目前正在考慮使用人體髖關(guān)節(jié)置換假體的軸承表面的實(shí)驗(yàn)室方法。髖關(guān)節(jié)假體的評(píng)價(jià)為了模擬中遇到的人的髖關(guān)節(jié)的摩擦磨損條件的設(shè)備，例如，如牛血清，或相當(dāng)于pseudosynovial的流體的流體中使用，以模擬在體內(nèi)發(fā)現(xiàn)的相似的磨損機(jī)理和碎片產(chǎn)生的，測(cè)試頻率為1赫茲或更低。

1.2自髖模擬器方法允許使用實(shí)際植入物的設(shè)計(jì)，材料，和生理負(fù)荷/動(dòng)作組合，它可以代表一個(gè)更符合生理模擬比基本篩選磨損測(cè)試，如磁盤(pán)上的針（見(jiàn)實(shí)踐F732）或磁盤(pán)上的環(huán)（見(jiàn)ISO 6474）。

1.3本指南的目的是模擬生理?xiàng)l件下材料的磨損率方面，植入物的設(shè)計(jì)和材料的排列組合。然而，必須認(rèn)識(shí)到，有許多可能的變化中的一個(gè)單一的實(shí)驗(yàn)室模擬體內(nèi)條件，可能并不普遍代表性的一組固定的參數(shù)。

1.4參考材料的候選材料，新的設(shè)備，或部件，或它們的組合進(jìn)行比較評(píng)價(jià)，其應(yīng)是擠壓或壓縮成形，超高分子量（UHMW）聚乙烯（見(jiàn)規(guī)格F648）軸承的磨損率對(duì)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)數(shù)器的面孔[不銹鋼（見(jiàn)規(guī)格F138）;鈷鉻鉬合金（見(jiàn)規(guī)格F75）;鈷鉻合金熱機(jī)械處理（見(jiàn)規(guī)格F799）;氧化鋁陶瓷（見(jiàn)規(guī)格F603）]，具有典型的假體質(zhì)量，表面完成后，那些既定的臨床病史幾何相似。這些參考材料將被測(cè)試相同的磨損條件下，作為候選材料。

2. Referenced Documents (purchase separately)

ASTM Standards

D883 Terminology Relating to Plastics

G40 Terminology Relating to Wear and Erosion

ISO Standard

ISO6474

二、產(chǎn)品特點(diǎn):

無(wú)需油源的直線電機(jī)技術(shù)，保證潔凈的測(cè)試環(huán)境

軸向通道采用Can總線式控制方式

高速直線作動(dòng)器

獨(dú)特的驅(qū)動(dòng)器軸承系統(tǒng)，確保由于樣品和夾具的偏移或是有側(cè)向力情況下，加載鏈仍處于對(duì)中狀態(tài)

適用于各種材料和元器件的動(dòng)靜態(tài)測(cè)試

高動(dòng)態(tài)性能，頻率最大可達(dá)50 Hz

±10000N 最大動(dòng)態(tài)軸向載荷

光學(xué)編碼器用于精確的數(shù)字位移控制，及對(duì)試樣的變形控制。

單相電源驅(qū)動(dòng)，無(wú)需額外液壓油源、冷卻水、氣動(dòng)空氣

基于業(yè)內(nèi)先進(jìn)控制方式的數(shù)字控制器

高剛度、精確對(duì)準(zhǔn)的雙立柱加載框架與位于橫梁上的驅(qū)動(dòng)器

Dcell 先進(jìn)載荷傳感器技術(shù)，實(shí)現(xiàn)更快測(cè)試，減少慣性差

靈活多樣的T型臺(tái)底座，適用于裝配各種規(guī)則/不規(guī)則的夾具和樣品

儀器設(shè)計(jì)緊湊簡(jiǎn)潔 – 機(jī)架占地面積不到0.5 m2

三、主要技術(shù)參數(shù)

最大試驗(yàn)力：±1000N;

試驗(yàn)力示值精度：2%-100%FS范圍內(nèi)，各點(diǎn)均為小于±1.0%;

試驗(yàn)力動(dòng)態(tài)示值波動(dòng)度：0.5%FS;

作動(dòng)器最大位移：±50mm;示值精度±0.5%FS;

主要試驗(yàn)波形：正弦波、方波、三角波、斜波等。

試驗(yàn)頻率：0.01-10Hz;

四．設(shè)備配置：微機(jī)伺服動(dòng)靜態(tài)疲勞測(cè)試系統(tǒng)主要組成部分：

1．橫梁電動(dòng)調(diào)整裝置，

2．進(jìn)口伺服作動(dòng)缸、日本松下驅(qū)動(dòng)裝置；

3．?dāng)?shù)據(jù)采集控制系統(tǒng)：動(dòng)靜態(tài)伺服控制器和中文軟件系統(tǒng)

4．美國(guó)進(jìn)口動(dòng)態(tài)專用力傳感器